1. What is the working principle of ERCP surgery? Diagnosis of pancreaticobiliary disease through the duodenum?

The bile in the human body is produced in the liver cells, and the pancreatic juice is produced in the pancreas. Both of these two body fluids have the function of digesting food and promoting nutrient absorption. Therefore, after production, they must go to the intestinal tract to play a role. Therefore, the bile duct and pancreatic duct must be connected to the intestine. The bile produced by each liver cell is collected in the intrahepatic bile duct, and finally discharged from the liver into the common hepatic duct. At this time, the bile will first enter the gallbladder through the cystic duct for storage. When it needs to play a role, bile will pass through the cystic duct, enter the common bile duct, and then join the pancreatic duct to open into the duodenum. The place where the opening is called the duodenal papilla is controlled by a circle of muscles around the opening. The "flow velocity" is called the sphincter.

In this way, it is actually easy to understand. ERCP is actually inserting a duodenoscope similar to a gastroscope from the mouth to the middle of the duodenum. This is the exit of the common bile duct, which can be reversed. Contrast medium is injected into the ducts mentioned above to observe whether there are lesions, and special thin guide wires and professional endoscope accessories and supplies can also be inserted from here to perform surgical operations related to the hepatobiliary and pancreatic ducts.

2. What are the specific functions of ERCP surgery?

As mentioned above, ERCP is not limited to the diagnosis of diseases at present, and some surgical operations can be completed in ERCP equipment to achieve therapeutic effects.

(1) Diagnosis

ERCP instruments can be used for the diagnosis of duodenal papilla, intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts, pancreas and other diseases. Such as stones in various parts of the biliary tract, biliary ascariasis, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, ampullary carcinoma, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cyst, pancreatic cancer, etc.

(2) Treatment

Duodenal papillary sphinctertome, common bile duct stone removal, endoscopic nasobiliary drainage, and endoscopic bile internal drainage can be performed. All of the above treatments are based on ERCP surgery, and at the same time as the diagnosis, the treatment of gallstone disease, acute suppurative cholangitis, acute pancreatitis, pancreatic duct stones, chronic pancreatitis, bile duct cancer, pancreatic cancer, and ampullary cancer Jaundice and other biliary and pancreatic diseases can solve the pain of patients, and it has no incision, less trauma, and is easy to be accepted by patients.

3. Is doing ERCP surgery as uncomfortable as doing gastroscopy?

Whether it is painful to do ERCP is different for everyone. If it is painful to do gastroscopy, it should be painful to do ERCP, because their principles are similar. But in fact, clinically, for patients without contraindications, for some patients with poor tolerance, it is now possible to use general anesthesia without intubation. The patient is anesthetized first, and then undergoes ERCP surgery, which is similar to painless gastroscopy. In this way, the patient does not feel uncomfortable and will not feel uncomfortable, but the cost will increase due to the need for anesthesia.